To represent 95% of the total number of lichen species present on each clearcut, on average 26 trees would be needed with a random selection of trees, while 25 trees would be needed for species of conservation concern. The mean diameter of the aspen trees was 36.3 cm and the mean economic

value 190 SEK. The proportion of trees with more wood rot than 67%, and thus without any economic value, was 12%. The tree scores used as an indication of the total number of lichen species were composed of tree diameter, speckled bark, black bark, tree inclination, slow-growing Selleck Docetaxel trees (of which all had a positive effect) and bryophyte cover (negative effect; Table 2). For the number of species of conservation concern, the score was similar and composed of speckled bark,

black bark, tree inclination, and slow-growing trees (positive effect). For C. furfuraceum, slow-growing-trees (positive effect) and bryophyte cover (negative effect) made up the Natural Product Library screening score, while for L. impudens, it was black bark (positive effect) and bark damages (negative effect). For L. saturninum, only black bark constituted the score (positive effect), while for L. pulmonaria, bark crevices, tree inclination, slow-growing trees (all positive effect) and black bark (negative effect) were part of the score. Selecting trees based on the tree attribute score produced mixed results compared with selecting trees randomly. For two species of conservation concern, C. furfuraceum and L. pulmonaria, as well as for species of conservation concern as a group, selecting trees based on tree score produced an average (across the 12 clearcuts) economic saving (or value of information) of 730–810 SEK per clearcut, or 14–16% of the total economic value of all 30 trees on the clearcut ( Fig. 1 and Table 3). For the total number of species and for L. impudens, however, the result from

the score-based selection was similar to a random selection of trees. Selecting trees based on their diameter (smallest first, as a proxy for their economic value) always gave a better result than a random selection (except for L. saturninum) and resulted in an average saving of 520–1480 SEK per clearcut, or 13–26% of the total economic value of trees. Score-based selection was only better Methocarbamol than diameter-based selection for species of conservation concern as a group and for L. pulmonaria. Using score divided by diameter improved the result for the total number of species, species of conservation concern, and slightly for C. furfuraceum and L. pulmonaria, compared to only using the best of either of them alone. For L. saturninum, using any kind of information never improved the result compared to a random selection at the level of 15 selected trees because L. saturninum is present on most (77%) of the trees. Across both lichen species groups and the four individual species of conservation concern, slightly (on average 2.