Tumor volume, tissue glutathione reductase (GR), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), cholesterol and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined. A part of the tumor was examined for histopathological and immunohistochemical study. MTX or atorvastatin alone or in combination induced significant increase in tissue catalase and GR with significant decrease in tumor volume, tissue MDA,

cholesterol and TNF-alpha and alleviated the histopathological changes with significant increase in p53 expression and apoptotic index compared to SEC group. In conclusion, the combination of MTX and atorvastatin had a better effect than each of MTX or atorvastatin alone against Selleckchem BI-6727 solid Ehrlich tumor in mice. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“In this work, we validate and analyze the results of previously published cross docking experiments and classify failed dockings based on the conformational changes observed in the receptors. We show that a majority of failed experiments (i.e. 25 out of 33, involving four different receptors: cAPK, CDK2, Ricin and HIVp) are due to conformational changes in side chains near the active site. For these cases, we identify the side chains to be made flexible during docking calculation by superimposing receptors

and analyzing steric overlap between various ligands and receptor side chains. We demonstrate that allowing these side chains to assume rotameric Autophagy Compound Library conformations enables the successful cross docking of 19 complexes (ligand all atom RMSD < 2.0 angstrom) using our docking software FLIPDock. The number of side receptor side chains interacting with a ligand can vary according to the ligand’s size and shape. Hence, when starting from a complex with a particular ligand one might have to extend the region of potential interacting side chains

beyond the ones interacting with the known ligand. We discuss distance-based AC220 in vitro methods for selecting additional side chains in the neighborhood of the known active site. We show that while using the molecular surface to grow the neighborhood is more efficient than Euclidian-distance selection, the number of side chains selected by these methods often remains too large and additional methods for reducing their count are needed. Despite these difficulties, using geometric constraints obtained from the network of bonded and non-bonded interactions to rank residues and allowing the top ranked side chains to be flexible during docking makes 22 out of 25 complexes successful.”
“OBJECTIVES\n\nTo describe differences in morbidity and functional status according to living area.\n\nDESIGN\n\nCommunity-based survey.\n\nSETTING\n\nA community-based prospective cohort, the Kungsholmen-Nordanstig Project.\n\nPARTICIPANTS\n\nAdults aged 75 and older living in an urban area of central Stockholm (n=1,222) and in the rural community of Nordanstig in northern Sweden (n=919).