The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of LTB4 in accelerated hyperlipidaemic renal injury. Methods: To induce accelerated hyperlipidaemic renal injury, 8 week old male spontaneously hypercholesterolaemic (SHC) rats were click here fed with a high cholesterol diet for 6 weeks. LTA4 hydrolase activities in the kidney and urine LTB4 levels were examined. The effects of LTB4 antagonist (ONO-4057) were also evaluated. Results: Urinary protein and LTB4 excretion was increased by a high cholesterol diet for 6 weeks. The scores of glomerular foam cell accumulation and sclerosis, numbers of infiltrated
macrophages in glomeruli and interstitial area, LTA4 hydrolase activity in renal cortex were higher in the high cholesterol diet group than the normal diet group. LTB4 antagonist treatment reduced urinary protein and
LTA4 activity and attenuated renal pathological changes. Conclusion: These results suggest that LTB4 directly contributes to accelerated hyperlipidaemic renal injury and the therapeutic potential of LTB4 antagonist for renal damage induced by hyperlipidaemia. “
“Background: The aim of the study was to assess novel candidate markers measured in the urine of normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric patients Decitabine mw (the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio < 30 mg/mmol) with essential hypertension to be used for early detection and assessment of progressive deterioration in renal function.
Methods: Albumin, α-1-antitrypsin, orosomucoid, transferrin, retinol-binding protein and α-1-microglobulin concentrations and the NAG (N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase) activity in the urine were evaluated in 102 hypertensive subjects with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) < 30 mg/mmol. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation. Results: The decreasing e-GFR values in normo- and microalbuminuric patients with essential hypertension were accompanied by significant increases (P < 0.05) in the NAG activity and uACR value in the urine. The e-GFR significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with P-type ATPase the NAG activity in the urine, but no association was observed with the urinary concentrations of any of the individual proteins (P > 0.05). Conclusions: In normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric patients with essential hypertension renal impairment measured by e-GFR is related to the increased urinary NAG activity and uACR rather than elevated concentrations of individual proteins. Urinary NAG activity and uACR value seem independently promising candidate markers for use in assessing progression of early renal impairment in patients with hypertension. “
“Natural resources are under worldwide pressure, water and sustainable energy being the paramount issues.