Similarly to this study, PBDE levels were reported in kidney of I

Similarly to this study, PBDE levels were reported in kidney of Irrawaddy dolphins from India ranging from 0.07 to 1.2 ng g−1 lipid wt (Kannan et al., 2005). The mean residual pattern of PCBs congeners in liver and muscle from croaker, scabbardfish and dolphins are shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, respectively, for concentrations above LOQ. PCBs 28, 52, and 70 were the highest concentrations in liver and muscle of fish. Nevertheless, dolphins presented a different profile; where relatively concentrations showed the highest proportion of PCBs 153, followed by 138

and 180, evidencing a different accumulation pattern in tucuxi Oligomycin A cost dolphins. Similar contamination patterns have been found in several others marine mammals species all over the world in which hexa-CB congeners 153, 138, and 189 have also been detect at higher levels (Yogui et al., 2003 and Kannan et al., 2007). Elevated PCB concentrations showed to be associated with infectious diseases and frequent cause of death of marine mammals (Kannan et al., 2007). It is normally expected that the contribution of PCB congeners 101, 153, and 138 are higher in biota samples. However, the remarkable contribution of low chlorinated congeners of PCB in croaker and scabbarfish is Apoptosis inhibitor consistent with previous studies in marine and freshwater fish

species from other locations (Bordajandi et al., 2003 and Sapozhnikova et al., 2004). Scabbardfish presented high contribution of PCB 138, while no high chlorinated PCB is observed in croaker. In this study the ∑ PCBs in liver samples

was 105, 140, and 790 ng g−1 wet wt (1786, 2526, and 24312 ng g−1 lipid wt), while ∑ PCBs in muscles samples was 45, 106, and 124 ng g−1 wet wt (8074, 27673, and 41539 ng g−1 lipid wt) for scabbardfish, croaker and dolphins, respectively. Recently, elevated concentrations of PCBs were detected in small cetaceans stranded Amylase along the Brazilian coast (Kajiwara et al., 2002, Yogui et al., 2003 and Fillmann et al., 2007), and also in some locations offshore Brazil (Ueno et al., 2003), suggesting the presence of a highly polluted source in the Southern Hemisphere, which may be related to the industrial growth in recent years, as well as possible impacts from northern developed nations (Kajiwara et al., 2002). Therefore, our results corroborate the existence of a source of PCB contamination in Brazil. In Brazil there is a lack of legislation regarding PCBs and PBDEs maximum allowed concentration specifically to fish. The daily intake of PBDEs and PCBs was estimated for the population of this region. Considering a daily intake of 20 g of fish hab−1 corresponding to the average value of 7 kg of fish per inhabitant per year consumed in Brazil and a standard male adult of 70 kg body weight, it was estimated that PBDE intake through fish consumption was 42 ng day−1 or 0.6 ng kg bw−1 day−1 by croaker and 78 ng day−1 or 1.1 ng kg bw−1 day−1 by scabbardfish. The minimal risk level (MRL) of Health and human services is 0.

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