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enzymes. Plant Physiol 140:984–997PubMedCrossRef Footnotes 1 Dam–Karrar test In this test, alcoholic solution of quinones is treated with 3% KOH in methanol to produce a blue color. Henrik Dam (1895–1976; Nobel Prize in Medicine) was the discoverer of Vitamin K. He had published on a color test, for Vitamin K, with Paul Karrer (1889–1971; Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the chemistry of Carotenoids and other plant pigments). Aspartate   2 Craven’s test It is a color test for certain quinones (Craven 1931); quinones with an unsubstituted position on the ring produce a blue color when treated with ammonia and ethyl cyanoacetate (see Crane and Dilley (1963) where this test is described in details).”
“Introduction Photovoltaic solar power converters are usually designed to absorb as much of the solar irradiance above the bandgap energy as possible, because maximum power output per surface area is considered to be most profitable. The photosynthetic solar power converters that maintain life on earth all have approximately the same characteristic absorption spectrum due to chlorophylls and carotenoids in their light-harvesting protein complexes. The existence of exceptions, spectrally different photosynthetic organisms adapted to the available irradiance at the bottom of the photic zone in deep or muddy waters (Stomp et al.

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